Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Expected but not Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2021-09-23 16:18:40 UTC |
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Update Date | 2021-09-23 16:18:43 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0302249 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | (E)-alpha-Bergamotene |
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Description | α-cis-bergamotene belongs to the class of organic compounds known as bicyclic sesquiterpenoids. These are sesquiterpenoids containing exactly two rings, which are fused together. It is formally classified as a polycyclic hydrocarbon although it is biochemically a sesquiterpene as it is synthesized via isoprene units. Sesquiterpenes are terpenes that contain 15 carbon atoms and are comprised of three isoprene units. The biosynthesis of sesquiterpenes is known to occur mainly through the mevalonic acid pathway (MVA), in the cytosol. However, recent studies have found evidence of pathway crosstalk with the methyl-eritritol-phosphate (MEP) pathway in the plastid (PMID: 19932496 , 17710406 ). Farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of cyclic sesquiterpenes. FPP undergoes several cyclization reactions to yield a diverse number of cyclic arrangements. There are four known Bergamotene isomers including α-cis-, α-trans-, β-cis- and β-trans-bergamotene. α-cis-Bergamotene is found in the oils of carrot, bergamot, lime, citron, cottonseed, and kumquat. Isomers of bergamotene have a function as pheromones for some insect species. Evidence suggests that plants under attack by herbivore insects are able to release specific amounts of bergamotene to attract natural enemies of the herbivores, using these sesquiterpenes as a defense mechanism (PMID: 16418295 ). |
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Structure | CC(C)=CCC[C@@]1(C)[C@H]2C[C@@H]1C(C)=CC2 InChI=1S/C15H24/c1-11(2)6-5-9-15(4)13-8-7-12(3)14(15)10-13/h6-7,13-14H,5,8-10H2,1-4H3/t13-,14-,15+/m1/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(e)-a-Bergamotene | Generator | (e)-Α-bergamotene | Generator |
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Chemical Formula | C15H24 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 204.3511 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 204.187800768 |
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IUPAC Name | (1R,5R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene |
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Traditional Name | (1R,5R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene |
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CAS Registry Number | Not Available |
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SMILES | CC(C)=CCC[C@@]1(C)[C@H]2C[C@@H]1C(C)=CC2 |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C15H24/c1-11(2)6-5-9-15(4)13-8-7-12(3)14(15)10-13/h6-7,13-14H,5,8-10H2,1-4H3/t13-,14-,15+/m1/s1 |
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InChI Key | YMBFCQPIMVLNIU-KFWWJZLASA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as bicyclic monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenoids containing exactly 2 rings, which are fused to each other. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Prenol lipids |
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Sub Class | Monoterpenoids |
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Direct Parent | Bicyclic monoterpenoids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Pinane monoterpenoid
- Bicyclic monoterpenoid
- Branched unsaturated hydrocarbon
- Polycyclic hydrocarbon
- Cyclic olefin
- Unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon
- Unsaturated hydrocarbon
- Olefin
- Hydrocarbon
- Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | Not Available |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | Not Available |
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Disposition | |
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Process | Not Available |
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Role | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Not Available |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesNot Available |
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| MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (E)-alpha-Bergamotene 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-1390000000-d6a0ba11c5a26587cd86 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (E)-alpha-Bergamotene 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0aor-4940000000-9dc882467486d9fdf061 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (E)-alpha-Bergamotene 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-5900000000-ea9024d4d9b8c46f7756 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (E)-alpha-Bergamotene 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0090000000-1d073790940a713722d2 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (E)-alpha-Bergamotene 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0090000000-de5ae459f3052d9744b7 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (E)-alpha-Bergamotene 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0fy9-3910000000-729cba2ca70dcf19f20f | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (E)-alpha-Bergamotene 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0090000000-7ccf03fa1149a1e9f55f | 2021-10-21 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (E)-alpha-Bergamotene 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0090000000-7ccf03fa1149a1e9f55f | 2021-10-21 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (E)-alpha-Bergamotene 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0uxr-0790000000-5f2697dd150bf0825ae5 | 2021-10-21 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (E)-alpha-Bergamotene 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-060r-2920000000-b37f23a73e76ccb77633 | 2021-10-21 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (E)-alpha-Bergamotene 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-3900000000-bdedd611b0ff9d625863 | 2021-10-21 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (E)-alpha-Bergamotene 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-069r-9000000000-b2a695a52a29c98c4260 | 2021-10-21 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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General References | - Schramek N, Wang H, Romisch-Margl W, Keil B, Radykewicz T, Winzenhorlein B, Beerhues L, Bacher A, Rohdich F, Gershenzon J, Liu B, Eisenreich W: Artemisinin biosynthesis in growing plants of Artemisia annua. A 13CO2 study. Phytochemistry. 2010 Feb;71(2-3):179-87. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.10.015. Epub 2009 Nov 22. [PubMed:19932496 ]
- Towler MJ, Weathers PJ: Evidence of artemisinin production from IPP stemming from both the mevalonate and the nonmevalonate pathways. Plant Cell Rep. 2007 Dec;26(12):2129-36. doi: 10.1007/s00299-007-0420-x. Epub 2007 Aug 21. [PubMed:17710406 ]
- Schnee C, Kollner TG, Held M, Turlings TC, Gershenzon J, Degenhardt J: The products of a single maize sesquiterpene synthase form a volatile defense signal that attracts natural enemies of maize herbivores. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jan 24;103(4):1129-34. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0508027103. Epub 2006 Jan 17. [PubMed:16418295 ]
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