| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected but not Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2012-09-11 17:44:24 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:21:01 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0031619 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | 2-Phenyl-2-butenal |
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| Description | (E)-2-Phenyl-2-butenal is found in tea. (E)-2-Phenyl-2-butenal is a flavouring ingredient. (E)-2-Phenyl-2-butenal is a odorous component of black tea Glutamic acid (Glu), also referred to as glutamate (the anion), is one of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids. It is not among the essential amino acids. Glutamate is a key molecule in cellular metabolism. In humans, dietary proteins are broken down by digestion into amino acids, which serves as metabolic fuel or other functional roles in the body. Glutamate is the most abundant fast excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian nervous system. At chemical synapses, glutamate is stored in vesicles. Nerve impulses trigger release of glutamate from the pre-synaptic cell. In the opposing post-synaptic cell, glutamate receptors, such as the NMDA receptor, bind glutamate and are activated. Because of its role in synaptic plasticity, it is believed that glutamic acid is involved in cognitive functions like learning and memory in the brain. Glutamate transporters are found in neuronal and glial membranes. They rapidly remove glutamate from the extracellular space. In brain injury or disease, they can work in reverse and excess glutamate can accumulate outside cells. This process causes calcium ions to enter cells via NMDA receptor channels, leading to neuronal damage and eventual cell death, and is called excitotoxicity. The mechanisms of cell death include: * Damage to mitochondria from excessively high intracellular Ca2+. * Glu/Ca2+-mediated promotion of transcription factors for pro-apoptotic genes, or downregulation of transcription factors for anti-apoptotic genes. Excitotoxicity due to glutamate occurs as part of the ischemic cascade and is associated with stroke and diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, lathyrism, and Alzheimer's disease. glutamic acid has been implicated in epileptic seizures. Microinjection of glutamic acid into neurons produces spontaneous depolarization around one second apart, and this firing pattern is similar to what is known as paroxysmal depolarizing shift in epileptic attacks. This change in the resting membrane potential at seizure foci could cause spontaneous opening of voltage activated calcium channels, leading to glutamic acid release and further depolarization. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamic_acid); In addition to being one of the building blocks in protein synthesis, it is the most widespread neurotransmitter in brain function, as an excitatory neurotransmitter and as a precursor for the synthesis of GABA in GABAergic neurons. |
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| Structure | InChI=1S/C10H10O/c1-2-9(8-11)10-6-4-3-5-7-10/h2-8H,1H3/b9-2- |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| (2Z)-2-Phenyl-2-butenal | HMDB | | 2-Butenal, 2-phenyl | HMDB | | 2-Phenyl-2-buten-1-al | HMDB | | 2-Phenyl-crotonaldehyde | HMDB | | 2-Phenylacetaldehyde, alpha -ethylidene | HMDB | | 2-Phenylbut-2-enal | HMDB | | 2-Phenylbutenal | HMDB | | 2-Phenylcrotonaldehyde | HMDB | | a-Ethylidene-benzeneacetaldehyde | HMDB | | a-Ethylidenebenzeneacetaldehyde, 9ci | HMDB | | alpha -Ethylidenbenzeneacetaldehyde | HMDB | | alpha -Ethylidene benzene acetaldehyde | HMDB | | alpha -Ethylidene-phenylacetaldehyde | HMDB | | alpha-Ethylidene-benzeneacetaldehyde | HMDB | | alpha-Ethylidenebenzeneacetaldehyde | HMDB | | alpha-Phenylcrotonaldehyde | HMDB | | FEMA 3224 | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C10H10O |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 146.1858 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 146.073164942 |
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| IUPAC Name | (2E)-2-phenylbut-2-enal |
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| Traditional Name | (2E)-2-phenylbut-2-enal |
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| CAS Registry Number | 4411-89-6 |
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| SMILES | C\C=C(\C=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C10H10O/c1-2-9(8-11)10-6-4-3-5-7-10/h2-8H,1H3/b9-2- |
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| InChI Key | DYAOGZLLMZQVHY-MBXJOHMKSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylacetaldehydes. Phenylacetaldehydes are compounds containing a phenylacetaldehyde moiety, which consists of a phenyl group substituted at the second position by an acetalydehyde. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Benzenoids |
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| Class | Benzene and substituted derivatives |
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| Sub Class | Phenylacetaldehydes |
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| Direct Parent | Phenylacetaldehydes |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Phenylacetaldehyde
- Styrene
- Enal
- Alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aldehyde
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | Not Available |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | Not Available |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | Not Available |
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| Role | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Not Available |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 7.08 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 14.6536 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 3.93 minutes | 32390414 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 2132.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 533.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 201.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 333.2 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 215.6 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 566.6 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 679.7 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 106.0 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1249.5 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 528.5 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1229.6 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 413.6 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 441.6 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 463.1 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 444.6 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 48.1 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatized |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-014i-2900000000-0912d35ae2db4c141a84 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0002-0900000000-fcacddcba2fa79261f5c | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00kb-2900000000-2d55ec5f0c3cd9cdaacf | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0fvi-9600000000-ba47697cec40b1ee8dd2 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-0900000000-cd79bb539d105536d8cd | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-1900000000-0ee4c3daf24682a7ac9b | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014i-9400000000-3c0d3d5838245f22a585 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014j-0900000000-9a45b2a0a353c990f250 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-3900000000-d4d605ed34049b8fa9f1 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0gbc-8900000000-f4594bf718db18fbccda | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-0900000000-2ebe16f6e5066e5177ab | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014i-1900000000-5b3a2e3171a4a0f3c78e | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Phenyl-2-butenal 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-016r-9800000000-27ad211b4608bea66f60 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-04 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-04 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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