Showing metabocard for Bilirubin (HMDB0000054)

General function:

Involved in heme oxygenase (decyclizing) activity

Specific function:

Heme oxygenase cleaves the heme ring at the alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Under physiological conditions, the activity of heme oxygenase is highest in the spleen, where senescent erythrocytes are sequestrated and destroyed.

Gene Name:

HMOX1

Uniprot ID:

P09601

Molecular weight:

32818.345

References

1. Matsuoka Y, Masuda H, Yokoyama M, Kihara K: Protective effects of bilirubin against cyclophosphamide induced hemorrhagic cystitis in rats. J Urol. 2008 Mar;179(3):1160-6. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2007.10.031. [PubMed:18206168 ]

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGTs are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isozyme has glucuronidating capacity with steroid substrates such as 5-beta-androstane 3-alpha,17-beta-diol, estradiol, ADT, eugenol and bile acids. Only isoform 1 seems to be active.

Gene Name:

UGT2B28

Uniprot ID:

Q9BY64

Molecular weight:

38742.9

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGTs are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isozyme is active on polyhydroxylated estrogens (such as estriol, 4-hydroxyestrone and 2-hydroxyestriol) and xenobiotics (such as 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, 4-nitrophenol, 2-aminophenol, 4-hydroxybiphenyl and menthol). It is capable of 6 alpha-hydroxyglucuronidation of hyodeoxycholic acid.

Gene Name:

UGT2B4

Uniprot ID:

P06133

Molecular weight:

60512.035

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate.

Gene Name:

UGT1A4

Uniprot ID:

P22310

Molecular weight:

60024.535

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds.

Gene Name:

UGT2B10

Uniprot ID:

P36537

Molecular weight:

60773.485

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. Its unique specificity for 3,4-catechol estrogens and estriol suggests it may play an important role in regulating the level and activity of these potent and active estrogen metabolites. Is also active with androsterone, hyodeoxycholic acid and tetrachlorocatechol (in vitro).

Gene Name:

UGT2B7

Uniprot ID:

P16662

Molecular weight:

60720.15

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGTs are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isozyme displays activity toward several classes of xenobiotic substrates, including simple phenolic compounds, 7-hydroxylated coumarins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, and certain drugs and their hydroxylated metabolites. It also catalyzes the glucuronidation of endogenous estrogens and androgens.

Gene Name:

UGT2B15

Uniprot ID:

P54855

Molecular weight:

61035.815

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDP-glucuronosyltransferases catalyze phase II biotransformation reactions in which lipophilic substrates are conjugated with glucuronic acid to increase water solubility and enhance excretion. They are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. Active on odorants and seems to be involved in olfaction; it could help clear lipophilic odorant molecules from the sensory epithelium.

Gene Name:

UGT2A1

Uniprot ID:

Q9Y4X1

Molecular weight:

60771.605

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate. Is also able to catalyze the glucuronidation of 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, 1-hydroxypyrene, 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, paranitrophenol, scopoletin, and umbelliferone.

Gene Name:

UGT1A1

Uniprot ID:

P22309

Molecular weight:

59590.91

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform has specificity for phenols.

Gene Name:

UGT1A9

Uniprot ID:

O60656

Molecular weight:

59940.495

Reactions