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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2006-02-16 09:36:44 UTC
Update Date2021-09-14 15:45:03 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0001851
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB0000199
  • HMDB00199
  • HMDB01851
Metabolite Identification
Common NameL-Arabitol
DescriptionL-Arabitol, also known as L-arabinitol or L-lyxitol, is a member of the class of compounds known as sugar alcohols. Sugar alcohols are hydrogenated forms of carbohydrate in which the carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone reducing sugar) has been reduced to a primary or secondary hydroxyl group. L-Arabitol is soluble in water. L-Arabitol can be found in a number of food items such as sweet potato, deerberry, moth bean, and European chestnut, which makes L-arabitol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. L-Arabitol can be found in most biofluids, including urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), saliva, and blood. L-Arabitol exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Moreover, L-arabitol is found to be associated with Alzheimer's disease and ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency, which is an inborn error of metabolism. L-Arabitol can be formed by the reduction of either arabinose or lyxose. L-Arabitol has been reported in pentosuric acidemia (PMID:13525419 ). L-Arabinosinuia has been described in a patient, presented at the age of 16 months with delayed motor development and facial dysmorphism (PMID:12359133 ) Congenital liver cirrhosis has been recently described in a patient with highly elevated plasma and urine levels of arabitol due to transaldolase deficiency (Inherit Metab Dis 23(Suppl. 1):172, 2000).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC5H12O5
Average Molecular Weight152.1458
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight152.068473494
IUPAC Name(2S,4S)-pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol
Traditional Namearabinitol
CAS Registry Number7643-75-6
SMILES
OC[C@H](O)C(O)[C@@H](O)CO
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C5H12O5/c6-1-3(8)5(10)4(9)2-7/h3-10H,1-2H2/t3-,4-/m0/s1
InChI KeyHEBKCHPVOIAQTA-IMJSIDKUSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar alcohols. These are hydrogenated forms of carbohydrate in which the carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone, reducing sugar) has been reduced to a primary or secondary hydroxyl group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct ParentSugar alcohols
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Sugar alcohol
  • Monosaccharide
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Polyol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary alcohol
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
ProcessNot Available
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point101 - 104 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-Not Available125.6http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00002109
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
  • Feces
  • Saliva
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified98.684 +/- 59.211 uMAdult (>18 years old)Both
Uremia
details
BloodDetected and Quantified110.0 (32.0–198.0) uMAdult (>18 years old)BothRibose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)Detected and Quantified22.4 +/- 4.6 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothAlzheimer's disease details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothColorectal Cancer details
UrineDetected and Quantified1300.0 (1021.0-1612.0) umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothRibose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency details
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothBladder cancer details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency
  1. Huck JH, Verhoeven NM, Struys EA, Salomons GS, Jakobs C, van der Knaap MS: Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency: new inborn error in the pentose phosphate pathway associated with a slowly progressive leukoencephalopathy. Am J Hum Genet. 2004 Apr;74(4):745-51. Epub 2004 Feb 25. [PubMed:14988808 ]
Uremia
  1. Vanholder R, De Smet R, Glorieux G, Argiles A, Baurmeister U, Brunet P, Clark W, Cohen G, De Deyn PP, Deppisch R, Descamps-Latscha B, Henle T, Jorres A, Lemke HD, Massy ZA, Passlick-Deetjen J, Rodriguez M, Stegmayr B, Stenvinkel P, Tetta C, Wanner C, Zidek W: Review on uremic toxins: classification, concentration, and interindividual variability. Kidney Int. 2003 May;63(5):1934-43. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00924.x. [PubMed:12675874 ]
Alzheimer's disease
  1. Shetty HU, Holloway HW, Schapiro MB: Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma distribution of myo-inositol and other polyols in Alzheimer disease. Clin Chem. 1996 Feb;42(2):298-302. [PubMed:8595727 ]
Colorectal cancer
  1. Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022709
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID388391
KEGG Compound IDC00532
BioCyc IDL-ARABITOL
BiGG ID35268
Wikipedia LinkArabitol
METLIN ID141
PubChem Compound439255
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID18403
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDABT
MarkerDB IDMDB00000345
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Onkenhout W, Groener JE, Verhoeven NM, Yin C, Laan LA: L-Arabinosuria: a new defect in human pentose metabolism. Mol Genet Metab. 2002 Sep-Oct;77(1-2):80-5. [PubMed:12359133 ]
  2. TOUSTER O, HARWELL SO: The isolation of L-arabitol from pentosuric urine. J Biol Chem. 1958 Feb;230(2):1031-41. [PubMed:13525419 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols with a broad range of catalytic efficiencies.
Gene Name:
AKR1B1
Uniprot ID:
P15121
Molecular weight:
35853.125
Reactions
L-Arabitol + NAD → L-Arabinose + NADH + Hydrogen Iondetails
L-Arabitol + NADP → L-Arabinose + NADPH + Hydrogen Iondetails
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Acts as all-trans-retinaldehyde reductase. Can efficiently reduce aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes, and is less active on hexoses (in vitro). May be responsible for detoxification of reactive aldehydes in the digested food before the nutrients are passed on to other organs.
Gene Name:
AKR1B10
Uniprot ID:
O60218
Molecular weight:
Not Available
Reactions
L-Arabitol + NAD → L-Arabinose + NADH + Hydrogen Iondetails
L-Arabitol + NADP → L-Arabinose + NADPH + Hydrogen Iondetails