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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2021-09-14 15:44:38 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000645
Secondary Accession Numbers
Metabolite Identification
Common NameGalactose 1-phosphate
DescriptionGalactose 1-phosphate, also known as D-Galactose-1-phosphate or alpha-D-gal-1-P, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as monosaccharide phosphates. These are monosaccharides comprising a phosphate group linked to the carbohydrate unit. Galactose-1-phosphate is an intermediate in the interconversion of glucose and uridine diphosphate galactose. Galactose 1-phosphate exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. Within humans, galactose 1-phosphate participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, uridine diphosphate glucose and galactose 1-phosphate can be biosynthesized from uridine diphosphategalactose and glucose 1-phosphate; which is mediated by the enzyme galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT). In addition, galactose 1-phosphate can be biosynthesized from D-galactose through the action of the enzyme galactokinase. The improper metabolism of galactose-1-phosphate is a characteristic of a condition known as galactosemia (PMID: 7671964 ). Type I galactosemia is a genetic disorder that is caused by the impairment of galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.12). Evidence suggests that misfolding of the galactose 1-phosphate uridylyltransferase enzyme is the underlying cause of type I galactosemia (PMID: 23583749 ). Outside of the human body, galactose 1-phosphate has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as gooseberries, anises, turmerics, caraway, and cumins.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC6H13O9P
Average Molecular Weight260.1358
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight260.029718526
IUPAC Name{[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}phosphonic acid
Traditional Namegalactose 1 phosphate
CAS Registry Number2255-14-3
SMILES
OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C6H13O9P/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(14-2)15-16(11,12)13/h2-10H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13)/t2-,3+,4+,5-,6-/m1/s1
InChI KeyHXXFSFRBOHSIMQ-FPRJBGLDSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as monosaccharide phosphates. These are monosaccharides comprising a phosphated group linked to the carbohydrate unit.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct ParentMonosaccharide phosphates
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Hexose monosaccharide
  • Monosaccharide phosphate
  • Monoalkyl phosphate
  • Organic phosphoric acid derivative
  • Oxane
  • Alkyl phosphate
  • Phosphoric acid ester
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Oxacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Polyol
  • Alcohol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary alcohol
  • Organic oxide
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Not AvailableNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-Not Available147.3http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000378
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm (predicted from logP)
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
Tissue Locations
  • Erythrocyte
  • Placenta
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified31.0 (0.0-57.0) uMChildren (1-13 years old)BothNormal
    • Geigy Scientific ...
details
BloodDetected and Quantified65.0 +/- 31.0 uMNewborn (0-30 days old)BothNormal
    • Geigy Scientific ...
details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB02317
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB001159
KNApSAcK IDC00007391
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDC00446
BioCyc IDGALACTOSE-1P
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkGalactose_1-phosphate
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound123912
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17973
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceChen Jie; Yager Claire; Reynolds Robert; Palmieri Michael; Segal Stanton Erythrocyte galactose 1-phosphate quantified by isotope-dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Clinical chemistry (2002), 48(4), 604-12.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in UDP-glucose:hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
GALT
Uniprot ID:
P07902
Molecular weight:
43362.83
Reactions
Uridine diphosphate glucose + Galactose 1-phosphate → Glucose 1-phosphate + Uridine diphosphategalactosedetails
General function:
Involved in galactokinase activity
Specific function:
Acts on GalNAc. Also acts as a galactokinase when galactose is present at high concentrations. May be involved in a salvage pathway for the reutilization of free GalNAc derived from the degradation of complex carbohydrates.
Gene Name:
GALK2
Uniprot ID:
Q01415
Molecular weight:
49234.57
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate + beta-D-Galactose → ADP + Galactose 1-phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in galactokinase activity
Specific function:
Major enzyme for galactose metabolism.
Gene Name:
GALK1
Uniprot ID:
P51570
Molecular weight:
42271.805
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate + beta-D-Galactose → ADP + Galactose 1-phosphatedetails