Showing metabocard for Carnosine (HMDB0000033)

General function:

Involved in peroxidase activity

Specific function:

Part of the host defense system of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It is responsible for microbicidal activity against a wide range of organisms. In the stimulated PMN, MPO catalyzes the production of hypohalous acids, primarily hypochlorous acid in physiologic situations, and other toxic intermediates that greatly enhance PMN microbicidal activity.

Gene Name:

MPO

Uniprot ID:

P05164

Molecular weight:

83867.71

References

1. Boldyrev A, Abe H, Stvolinsky S, Tyulina O: Effects of carnosine and related compounds on generation of free oxygen species: a comparative study. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 1995 Nov;112(3):481-5. [PubMed:8529024 ]

General function:

Involved in metallopeptidase activity

Specific function:

Preferential hydrolysis of the beta-Ala-|-His dipeptide (carnosine), and also anserine, Xaa-|-His dipeptides and other dipeptides including homocarnosine

Gene Name:

CNDP1

Uniprot ID:

Q96KN2

Molecular weight:

56691.6

General function:

Involved in carboxy-lyase activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the biosynthesis of histamine from histidine.

Gene Name:

HDC

Uniprot ID:

P19113

Molecular weight:

74139.825

References

1. Nagai K, Suda T, Kawasaki K, Mathuura S: Action of carnosine and beta-alanine on wound healing. Surgery. 1986 Nov;100(5):815-21. [PubMed:3095942 ]

General function:

Involved in structural molecule activity

Specific function:

Vimentins are class-III intermediate filaments found in various non-epithelial cells, especially mesenchymal cells

Gene Name:

VIM

Uniprot ID:

P08670

Molecular weight:

53651.2

References

1. Hipkiss AR: Could carnosine or related structures suppress Alzheimer's disease? J Alzheimers Dis. 2007 May;11(2):229-40. [PubMed:17522447 ]

General function:

Involved in ATP binding

Specific function:

In cooperation with other chaperones, Hsp70s stabilize preexistent proteins against aggregation and mediate the folding of newly translated polypeptides in the cytosol as well as within organelles. These chaperones participate in all these processes through their ability to recognize nonnative conformations of other proteins. They bind extended peptide segments with a net hydrophobic character exposed by polypeptides during translation and membrane translocation, or following stress-induced damage. In case of rotavirus A infection, serves as a post-attachment receptor for the virus to facilitate entry into the cell

Gene Name:

HSPA1A

Uniprot ID:

P08107

Molecular weight:

70051.6

References

1. Wada I, Otaka M, Jin M, Odashima M, Komatsu K, Konishi N, Matsuhashi T, Horikawa Y, Ohba R, Itoh H, Watanabe S: Expression of HSP72 in the gastric mucosa is regulated by gastric acid in rats-correlation of HSP72 expression with mucosal protection. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Oct 20;349(2):611-8. Epub 2006 Aug 23. [PubMed:16945336 ]

General function:

Involved in catalytic activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the synthesis of carnosine and homocarnosine. Carnosine is synthesized more efficiently than homocarnosine.

Gene Name:

CARNS1

Uniprot ID:

A5YM72

Molecular weight:

101318.725

Reactions