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Showing metabocard for Heme (HMDB0003178)

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IdentificationTaxonomyOntologyPhysical propertiesSpectraBiological propertiesConcentrationsLinksReferencesenzymes (169)transporters (1) Show 170 proteinsXML
enzymes (169)transporters (1) Show 170 proteins
Record Information
Version4.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2006-05-22 15:12:38 UTC
Update Date2020-04-22 23:33:23 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0003178
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB03178
Metabolite Identification
Common NameHeme
DescriptionHeme is also known as protoheme or [fe(ppix)]. Not all porphyrins contain iron, but a substantial fraction of porphyrin-containing metalloproteins have heme as their prosthetic subunit; these are known as hemoproteins. Heme is a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Heme exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, heme is involved in ibuprofen action pathway. Outside of the human body, Heme has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as tarragons, carobs, wild leeks, breadfruits, and black chokeberries. This could make heme a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins. A heme or Heme is a prosthetic group that consists of an iron atom contained in the center of a large heterocyclic organic ring called a porphyrin. Heme is the color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin.
Structure
Data?1582752265
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
ValueSource
[3,7,12,17-Tetramethyl-8,13-divinylporphyrin-2,18-dipropanoato(2-)]iron(II)ChEBI
[Fe(ppix)]ChEBI
Fe(ppix)ChEBI
FerroprotohemeChEBI
Ferroprotoporphyrin IXChEBI
Ferrous protohemeChEBI
Ferrous protoheme IXChEBI
HaemChEBI
Iron(II) protoporphyrin IXChEBI
ProtoferrohemeChEBI
ProtohemeChEBI
Heme bKegg
Protoheme IXKegg
HemeChEBI
Chemical FormulaC34H32FeN4O4
Average Molecular Weight616.487
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight616.177297665
IUPAC Name4,20-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-10,15-diethenyl-5,9,14,19-tetramethyl-2lambda5,22,23lambda5,25-tetraaza-1-ferraoctacyclo[11.9.1.1^{1,8}.1^{3,21}.0^{2,6}.0^{16,23}.0^{18,22}.0^{11,25}]pentacosa-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16(23),17,19,21(24)-undecaene-2,23-bis(ylium)-1,1-diuide
Traditional Name4,20-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-10,15-diethenyl-5,9,14,19-tetramethyl-2lambda5,22,23lambda5,25-tetraaza-1-ferraoctacyclo[11.9.1.1^{1,8}.1^{3,21}.0^{2,6}.0^{16,23}.0^{18,22}.0^{11,25}]pentacosa-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16(23),17,19,21(24)-undecaene-2,23-bis(ylium)-1,1-diuide
CAS Registry Number14875-96-8
SMILES
CC1=C(CCC(O)=O)C2=CC3=[N+]4C(=CC5=C(C)C(C=C)=C6C=C7C(C)=C(C=C)C8=[N+]7[Fe--]4(N2C1=C8)N56)C(C)=C3CCC(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C34H34N4O4.Fe/c1-7-21-17(3)25-13-26-19(5)23(9-11-33(39)40)31(37-26)16-32-24(10-12-34(41)42)20(6)28(38-32)15-30-22(8-2)18(4)27(36-30)14-29(21)35-25;/h7-8,13-16H,1-2,9-12H2,3-6H3,(H4,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42);/q;+2/p-2/b25-13-,26-13-,27-14-,28-15-,29-14-,30-15-,31-16-,32-16-;
InChI KeyKABFMIBPWCXCRK-RGGAHWMASA-L
Chemical Taxonomy
ClassificationNot classified
Ontology
Disposition

Route of exposure:

Source:

Biological location:

Process

Naturally occurring process:

Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0012 g/LALOGPS
logP-1ALOGPS
logP2.19ChemAxon
logS-5.5ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.35ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area92.22 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count8ChemAxon
Refractivity169.77 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability69.44 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings8ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-066r-0000095000-501c4a776d38d61ab89aSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0gi4-0000092000-64c21d0a0f8daa069fb9Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-03gs-4000590000-15136ce22e51bdc57377Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-014i-0000049000-69ee302652cebc40f13bSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-00r2-1000091000-d178bb83079a203a48dcSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-1000090000-f6e437751fbc08f12d1fSpectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Mitochondria
Biospecimen Locations
  • Feces
  • Saliva
Tissue Locations
  • Epidermis
  • Placenta
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not Quantified Adult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
SalivaDetected but not Quantified Adult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not Quantified Adult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not Quantified Adult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not Quantified Adult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not Quantified Adult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not Quantified Adult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not Quantified Adult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not Quantified Adult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not Quantified Adult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
SalivaDetected but not Quantified Adult (>18 years old)Male
Normal		 details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not Quantified Adult (>18 years old)BothColorectal Cancer details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Colorectal cancer
  1. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB031136
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDC00032
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkHeme
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem CompoundNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17627
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDPHEME
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Ono F, Sharma BK, Smith CC, Burnett JW, Aurelian L: CD34+ cells in the peripheral blood transport herpes simplex virus DNA fragments to the skin of patients with erythema multiforme (HAEM). J Invest Dermatol. 2005 Jun;124(6):1215-24. [PubMed:15955097 ]
  2. Allhorn M, Lundqvist K, Schmidtchen A, Akerstrom B: Heme-scavenging role of alpha1-microglobulin in chronic ulcers. J Invest Dermatol. 2003 Sep;121(3):640-6. [PubMed:12925227 ]
  3. Walczyk T, von Blanckenburg F: Natural iron isotope variations in human blood. Science. 2002 Mar 15;295(5562):2065-6. [PubMed:11896276 ]
  4. Kuhnel A, Gross U, Doss MO: Hereditary coproporphyria in Germany: clinical-biochemical studies in 53 patients. Clin Biochem. 2000 Aug;33(6):465-73. [PubMed:11074238 ]
  5. Zhang JP, Normark S: Induction of gene expression in Escherichia coli after pilus-mediated adherence. Science. 1996 Aug 30;273(5279):1234-6. [PubMed:8703059 ]
  6. Taylor TD, Litt M, Kramer P, Pandolfo M, Angelini L, Nardocci N, Davis S, Pineda M, Hattori H, Flett PJ, Cilio MR, Bertini E, Hayflick SJ: Homozygosity mapping of Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome to chromosome 20p12.3-p13. Nat Genet. 1996 Dec;14(4):479-81. [PubMed:8944032 ]
  7. Park KK, Park JH, Jung YJ, Chung WY: Inhibitory effects of chlorophyllin, hemin and tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin on oxidative DNA damage and mouse skin inflammation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate as a possible anti-tumor promoting mechanism. Mutat Res. 2003 Dec 9;542(1-2):89-97. [PubMed:14644357 ]
  8. Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043. [PubMed:32033212 ]

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 170 proteins in total.

Show all enzymes and transporters

Enzymes

Enzyme Details
1. 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial
General function:
Involved in 5-aminolevulinate synthase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
ALAS2
Uniprot ID:
P22557
Molecular weight:
64632.86
Enzyme Details
2. 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial
General function:
Involved in 5-aminolevulinate synthase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
ALAS1
Uniprot ID:
P13196
Molecular weight:
70580.325
Enzyme Details
3. Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial
General function:
Involved in succinate dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
Membrane-anchoring subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q).
Gene Name:
SDHC
Uniprot ID:
Q99643
Molecular weight:
16650.185
Enzyme Details
4. Aldehyde oxidase
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
AOX1
Uniprot ID:
Q06278
Molecular weight:
147916.735
Enzyme Details
5. Heme oxygenase 2
General function:
Involved in heme oxygenase (decyclizing) activity
Specific function:
Heme oxygenase cleaves the heme ring at the alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Under physiological conditions, the activity of heme oxygenase is highest in the spleen, where senescent erythrocytes are sequestrated and destroyed. Heme oxygenase 2 could be implicated in the production of carbon monoxide in brain where it could act as a neurotransmitter.
Gene Name:
HMOX2
Uniprot ID:
P30519
Molecular weight:
36032.615
Reactions
Heme + AH(2) + Oxygen → Biliverdin + Fe2+ + CO + A + Waterdetails
Enzyme Details
6. Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial
General function:
Involved in iron ion binding
Specific function:
Membrane-anchoring subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) (By similarity).
Gene Name:
SDHD
Uniprot ID:
O14521
Molecular weight:
17042.82
Enzyme Details
7. NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
This enzyme is required for electron transfer from NADP to cytochrome P450 in microsomes. It can also provide electron transfer to heme oxygenase and cytochrome B5.
Gene Name:
POR
Uniprot ID:
P16435
Molecular weight:
77047.575
Enzyme Details
8. Heme oxygenase 1
General function:
Involved in heme oxygenase (decyclizing) activity
Specific function:
Heme oxygenase cleaves the heme ring at the alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Under physiological conditions, the activity of heme oxygenase is highest in the spleen, where senescent erythrocytes are sequestrated and destroyed.
Gene Name:
HMOX1
Uniprot ID:
P09601
Molecular weight:
32818.345
Reactions
Heme + AH(2) + Oxygen → Biliverdin + Fe2+ + CO + A + Waterdetails
Enzyme Details
9. Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase
General function:
Involved in uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the decarboxylation of four acetate groups of uroporphyrinogen-III to yield coproporphyrinogen-III.
Gene Name:
UROD
Uniprot ID:
P06132
Molecular weight:
40786.58
Enzyme Details
10. Coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial
General function:
Involved in coproporphyrinogen oxidase activity
Specific function:
Key enzyme in heme biosynthesis. Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of propionic acid side chains of rings A and B of coproporphyrinogen III.
Gene Name:
CPOX
Uniprot ID:
P36551
Molecular weight:
50151.605

Transporters

Enzyme Details
1. Proton-coupled folate transporter
General function:
Involved in transmembrane transport
Specific function:
Has been shown to act both as an intestinal proton- coupled high-affinity folate transporter and as an intestinal heme transporter which mediates heme uptake from the gut lumen into duodenal epithelial cells. The iron is then released from heme and may be transported into the bloodstream. Dietary heme iron is an important nutritional source of iron. Shows a higher affinity for folate than heme
Gene Name:
SLC46A1
Uniprot ID:
Q96NT5
Molecular weight:
49770.0

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 170 proteins in total.

Show all enzymes and transporters